The respondents are three of the 10,000 natives living in that part of Sarawak where the Bakun Hydro-Electric Project (‘the Project’) is situated. Following the commencement of the Project, steps were taken by the appellants to compensate the respondents and also to resettle them. The respondents did not challenge the compensation or the resettlement, but claimed that (i) the Project, if carried through, would adversely affect their fundamental rights in that their livelihood would suffer from the resulting impact on the environment.